In the Age of Humanism, the characters of classical myth were believed to be nothing more than imaginary figures whose existence was exclusively linked to a literary realm. Heroines such as Medea, Ariadne or the Amazons still continued to exert an irresistible appeal, yet they could hardly be taken as models of real-life women. However, the era of new discoveries laid before the conquerors’ eyes real women doing feats till then only imaginable in the world of myth. Epic poems, however, describe these female figures distorted through the lenses of classical mythology. Within such a conceptual framework, I shall attempt to study female representation in La Historia de la Nueva México and, more concretely, refer to the use of two seemingly contradictory procedures: realism and stylization. The former is employed, above all, in the representation of the anonymous indigenous woman. The latter works in two different ways: assigning a wide range of positive attributes to the female characters and presenting distorted representations of them, woven through the yarn of the classical tradition.